Locations
Places that mattered in the Three Kingdoms period — from imperial capitals to remote mountain passes.
- Anfeng County · Roughly around modern Liji Town, Huoqiu / Gushi region on the Huai–Yangtze corridor (exact site debated)安豐縣
County in Lujiang Commandery on the lower Yangtze; birthplace of Ding Feng and namesake of his marquisate.
- Ba Commandery · Eastern Sichuan and Chongqing region along the upper Yangtze巴郡
Commandery in eastern Sichuan along the upper Yangtze; part of Yi Province and home region of several Shu officials.
- Baidi · Fengjie District, Chongqing, China (near the modern Baidicheng scenic area)白帝
Fortress city on the upper Yangtze at Yong'an, where Liu Bei withdrew after Yiling and died in 223.
- Baidicheng · Fengjie County, Chongqing Municipality, China白帝城
A fortress city at the eastern entrance to the Sichuan basin. Famous as the place where Liu Bei died after the Battle of Yiling and entrusted his son to Zhuge Liang.
- Baqiu · Around Yueyang, Hunan Province, near the southern bank of Dongting Lake巴丘
River city on the middle Yangtze where Zhou Yu died in 210 while preparing an expedition against Yi Province.
- Baxi Commandery · Northern Sichuan around modern Nanchong / Langzhong巴西郡
Mountainous commandery in northern Yi Province; scene of the Battle of Baxi and campaigns between Liu Bei and Cao Cao's forces.
- Beihai · Northern Shandong Peninsula (see Beihai Commandery)北海
Region of Qing Province on the Shandong Peninsula; often used for the Beihai area including Gaomi, birthplace of Zheng Xuan.
- Beihai Commandery · Northern Shandong Peninsula around modern Qingzhou and Weifang北海郡
Coastal commandery in Qing Province; home region of Kong Rong, Zheng Xuan, and other scholars and officials.
- Cangwu Commandery · Around modern Wuzhou, Guangxi and neighbouring parts of Guangdong蒼梧郡
Southern commandery in the far south-east; place of Yu Fan's exile and death, on the frontier between Wu and the southern tribes.
- Cao Zhi Burial Site · Traditional burial area associated with Cao Zhi; exact historical location varies by source曹植葬地
Burial place reference associated with Cao Zhi, prince and poet of Cao Wei.
- Chang'an · Near modern Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, on the Wei River plain長安
Former Han capital in the Wei River valley; seized by Dong Zhuo, later the scene of his assassination and the chaos that followed.
- Chang'an · Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China长安
The Western Han capital and temporary capital during Dong Zhuo's control, located in modern Shaanxi Province. One of China's most important ancient capitals and a symbol of imperial power.
- Changban · Near modern Dangyang, Hubei Province, south-west of Xiangyang長坂
Slope and market-town near Xiangyang where Liu Bei was overtaken by Cao Cao in 208 and Zhao Yun rescued Liu Shan.
- Changsha · Changsha, Hunan Province, China长沙
Commandery capital in Jing Province, serving as Huang Zhong's base during the Three Kingdoms period. Located in modern Hunan Province.
- Changshan · In the former Kuaiji region, modern Zhejiang Province長山
County in Kuaiji Commandery, Yang Province; birthplace of Liu Zan.
- Changshe · Changge area, Henan Province, China長社
County in Yingchuan Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Zhong Yao and the Zhong family.
- Changshe County · Changge area, Henan Province, China長社縣
County in Yingchuan Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Zhong Hui. The county seat was at Changshe.
- Changyi · Jining area, Shandong Province, China昌邑
County in Shanyang Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Man Chong.
- Chen · Huaiyang area, Henan Province, China陳
Kingdom and commandery in Yu Province; Cao Zhi was enfeoffed as King of Chen and died there.
- Chengde · Feidong area, Anhui Province, China成德
County in Huainan, Yang Province; birthplace of Liu Ye.
- Chengdu · Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China成都
The capital of Shu Han, located in modern Sichuan Province. A strategic city in the fertile Sichuan Basin, it served as Liu Bei's base and the administrative centre of the western kingdom.
- Chenliu · Chenliu District, Kaifeng, Henan Province, China陈留
Commandery in Yan Province, home commandery of Cao Cao. Located in modern Henan Province, it was a crucial base for Cao Cao's early campaigns.
- Chenliu Commandery · Kaifeng area, Henan Province陈留郡
Chenliu Commandery in Yan Province was where Cao Cao raised his first army against Dong Zhuo in 190 and a key contested territory during the late Han warlord era.
- Chishui · See body text for modern location赤水
The Red River, site of naval operations during the Battle of Red Cliffs. The river's name became associated with the famous fire attack that decided the battle.
- Dantu · Zhenjiang area, Jiangsu Province, China丹徒
County in Wu Commandery, Yang Province; Sun Ce was assassinated at Dantu in 200.
- Danyang · Southern Jiangsu, Anhui and adjacent areas; administrative centre in the Nanjing–Zhenjiang region丹陽
Commandery and region in Yang Province; associated with Sun Yi and Tao Qian.
- Dayi · Near modern Chengdu plain in Sichuan大邑
County-level place label in the Shu region used in historical metadata.
- Dingling · Wuyang area, Henan Province, China定陵
County in Yingchuan Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Du Xi.
- Dingtao · Dingtao District, Heze, Shandong Province, China定陶
County in Jiyin Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Dong Zhao.
- Dong Commandery · Puyang and surrounding area, Henan Province, China東郡
Commandery in Yan Province; home region of Chen Gong and others.
- Dong Zhuo Burial Site · Traditional burial reference; exact location uncertain in surviving records董卓葬地
Burial-place reference associated with Dong Zhuo in late Han records.
- Dong'e · Dong'e County, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China東阿
County in Dong Commandery, Yan Province; Cheng Yu defended it against Lü Bu and it was a key Cao stronghold.
- Dongguan Commandery · Yishui area, Shandong Province, China東莞郡
Commandery in Xu Province; birthplace of Xu Yi.
- Donghai · Lianyungang and surrounding area, Jiangsu Province, China東海
Commandery on the east coast, Xu Province; Mi Fang and Lady Mi were from Haiyu in Donghai.
- Donglai · Yantai and Weihai area, Shandong Province, China東萊
Commandery in Qing Province on the Shandong Peninsula; Liu Yao was from Mou County, Donglai.
- Dongwucheng · Wei County area, Hebei Province, China東武城
County in Qinghe Commandery, Ji Province; birthplace of Cui Yan.
- Dongyang · Tianchang area, Anhui Province, China東陽
County in Guangling Commandery, Xu Province; birthplace of Chen Jiao.
- Duling · South-east of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China杜陵
County in Jingzhao (capital region), Sili; birthplace of Du Ji.
- Duyang · Fangcheng area, Henan Province, China堵陽
County in Nanyang Commandery, Jing Province; birthplace of Han Ji.
- Fagan County · Liaocheng area, Shandong Province, China發干縣
County in Dong Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Pan Zhang.
- Fancheng · Xiangyang (Fancheng district), Hubei Province, China樊城
City on the Han River in northern Jing Province; besieged by Guan Yu in 219; Pang De was executed there.
- Fangcheng, Zhuo Commandery · Gu'an area, Hebei Province, China涿郡方城
County in Zhuo Commandery, You Province; birthplace of Liu Fang.
- Fu County · Mianyang area, Sichuan Province, China涪縣
County in Yi Province; birthplace of Jiang Wan.
- Fuchun · Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China富春
County in Wu Commandery, Yang Province; ancestral home of the Sun family and birthplace of Sun Jian's sons and relatives.
- Fufeng · Baoji and surrounding area, Shaanxi Province, China扶風
Commandery in the Wei River valley, Sili/Liang Province; home region of the Ma family including Ma Teng, Ma Chao, Ma Dai.
- Fupi, Runan Commandery · Within former Runan Commandery in modern Henan (exact site uncertain)汝南富陂
Locality in Runan Commandery; Lü Meng was born at Fupi in Runan.
- Gan Ning Burial Site · Traditional burial reference; exact historical site uncertain甘寧葬地
Burial-place reference associated with Gan Ning in Eastern Wu biographical notes.
- Gaoli Mountain · Historical mountain reference; exact identification varies by source高黎山
Mountain place label appearing in biographical location references.
- Gaoling · Mausoleum site near Anyang, Henan Province高陵
Imperial mausoleum site associated with Cao Cao's posthumous burial.
- Gaoping · Weishan area, Shandong Province, China高平
County in Shanyang Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Yi Ji.
- Gaoping, Shanyang Commandery · Gaoping area, Shandong/Henan border (within former Shanyang Commandery)山陽高平
County in Shanyang Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Liu Biao.
- Gaotang · Gaotang County, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China高唐
County in Pingyuan Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Hua Xin.
- Gong'an · Gong'an County, Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China公安
County in Jing Province on the middle Yangtze; Sun Quan used it as a base after Red Cliffs, and Lü Meng died there in his inner hall.
- Guanghan · Deyang, Mianyang and surrounding area, Sichuan Province, China廣漢
Commandery in Yi Province; Peng Yang was from Guanghan Commandery.
- Guangling · Yangzhou and surrounding area, Jiangsu Province, China廣陵
Commandery in Xu Province on the lower Huai and coast; Lü Dai was from Hailing, Guangling.
- Guangzhou · Guangdong and surrounding coastal regions in South China廣州
Far-southern province centred on modern Guangdong; used as an exile destination under Eastern Wu.
- Guanlin · South of modern Luoyang, Henan Province關林
Mausoleum-temple site associated with Guan Yu near Luoyang.
- Gubei · Anji area, Zhejiang Province, China故鄣
Place in the south; Liu Zan was from Gubei, Danyang Commandery.
- Guwei · Wuwei, Gansu Province, China姑臧
County in Wuwei Commandery, Liang Province; birthplace of Jia Xu.
- Guzhang · Anji area, Zhejiang Province, China故鄣
County in Danyang Commandery, Yang Province; home of Zhu Zhi and Zhu Ran.
- Hangu Pass函谷关
One of the most famous mountain passes in Chinese history, guarding the approach to Chang'an from the east. Controlled by various warlords throughout the Three Kingdoms period.
- Hanshou · Hanshou County, Changde, Hunan Province, China漢壽
County in Wuling Commandery, Jing Province; birthplace of Fei Yi.
- Hanzhang Hall · Luoyang, Henan Province, China (within the ancient palace area)含章殿
Palace hall in Luoyang where Sima Yan (Emperor Wu of Jin) died in 290.
- Hanzhong · Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, China汉中
A strategic commandery connecting Guanzhong and Sichuan. The site of the Hanzhong Campaign where Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's forces and declared himself King of Hanzhong.
- Hedong河东
A strategically located commandery in southern Shanxi, controlling access to the Fen River valley. Often contested between Wei and Shu forces.
- Hefei · Hefei, Anhui Province, China合肥
Strategic city in Yang Province on the Huai; contested by Wei and Wu; site of multiple battles and Chen Wu's death.
- Henei河内
A commandery north of the Yellow River in present-day Henan, serving as a buffer zone for Luoyang. Controlled by various warlords including Sima Yi's family.
- Hua County · Feicheng area, Shandong Province, China泰山華縣
County in Taishan Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Zang Ba.
- Huaiyin · Huai'an area, Jiangsu Province, China淮陰
County in Linhuai Commandery, Xu Province; home of Bu Zhi and Chen Deng.
- Huandao · Longxi area, Gansu Province, China獂道
County in Nan'an, Liang Province; birthplace of Pang De.
- Huang County, Donglai · Longkou area, Shandong Province, China東萊黃縣
County in Donglai Commandery, Qing Province; birthplace of Taishi Ci.
- Hui Mausoleum · Traditional mausoleum reference; exact site depends on context惠陵
Mausoleum-place reference used in imperial and noble burial metadata.
- Ji County, Tianshui Commandery · Gangu area, Tianshui, Gansu Province, China天水冀縣
County in Tianshui Commandery, Liang Province; birthplace of Jiang Wei.
- Jiang Mausoleum · Traditional mausoleum reference; precise site uncertain蔣陵
Mausoleum-place label used in burial and memorial references.
- Jiang Wei Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the Shu region姜維葬地
Burial-place label associated with Jiang Wei in post-conquest Shu records.
- Jiangdu · Yangzhou area, Jiangsu Province, China江都
County in Guangling Commandery, Xu Province; birthplace of Zhang Liao.
- Jiangling · Jingzhou, Hubei Province, China江陵
A strategic city on the Yangtze in southern Jing Province. It was contested by Wei, Shu, and Wu; Zhu Ran's defence of Jiangling after Yiling became famous.
- Jiangting · Near Shou County, Anhui Province, China江亭
Place about 80 li from Shouchun; Yuan Shu died there in 199.
- Jiangxia · Wuhan and surrounding area, Hubei Province, China江夏
Commandery in Jing Province on the middle Yangtze; held by Huang Zu, later contested by Sun Quan and Liu Bei; Liu Qi and Cheng Pu were associated with Jiangxia.
- Jiangyou · Northern Sichuan corridor region江油
Strategic gateway county north of the Sichuan basin in the Shu-Wei frontier corridor.
- Jianye · Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China建业
The capital of Eastern Wu, located on the Yangtze River in modern Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. A strategic position controlling the lower Yangtze and serving as the political centre of the southern kingdom.
- Jiao Province · Guangdong, Guangxi and northern Vietnam交州
Far-southern province corresponding to Jiaozhou; eastern Wu exiles such as Gu Tan, Gu Cheng, and Zhang Xiu were sent here.
- Jiaozhou · Guangdong, Guangxi, northern Vietnam交州
Province in the far south; Shi Xie held it for decades; Zhang Xiu and Gu Cheng were associated with Jiaozhou.
- Jieting街亭
A strategic location in present-day Gansu Province. Site of the famous Battle of Jieting in 228, where Ma Su's defeat forced Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition to fail.
- Jing Province · Hubei and Hunan Provinces, China荊州
Large province covering the middle Yangtze (roughly modern Hubei and Hunan); ruled by Liu Biao and later disputed between Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan.
- Jing Province · Hubei and Hunan Provinces, China荆州
A vast province covering modern Hubei and Hunan, strategically located along the middle Yangtze River. One of the most contested regions during the Three Kingdoms period.
- Jingkou · Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China京口
Strategic port and garrison on the Yangtze in Wu; Sun Deng was enfeoffed there; key base for Sun Quan's regime.
- Jingling · Tianmen area, Hubei Province, China竟陵
County in Jiangxia Commandery, Jing Province; ancestral home of Liu Yan and Liu Zhang.
- Jingling, Jiangxia · Tianmen area, Hubei Province, China江夏竟陵
County in Jiangxia Commandery, Jing Province; Liu Yan and Liu Zhang were from Jingling.
- Jiwu County · Ningling area, Henan Province, China己吾
County in Chenliu Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Dian Wei.
- Jixian · Northern Hebei Province, China濟縣
County in Yan Kingdom, Ji Province; Cao Huan was enfeoffed as Duke of Jixian before becoming emperor.
- Jiyang, Yiyang Commandery · Nanyang area, Henan Province, China義陽棘陽
County in Yiyang Commandery, Jing Province; birthplace of Deng Ai.
- Jizhou · Hebei and surrounding area冀州
Province in the north-east; Ju Shou and Tian Feng were from Guangping, Jizhou.
- Ju · Ju County, Rizhao, Shandong Province, China莒
County in Langye Commandery, Xu Province; birthplace of Xu Sheng.
- Juchao · Chaohu area, Anhui Province, China居巢
Place on campaign; Sima Lang died at Juchao.
- Juping County · Tai'an area, Shandong Province, China鉅平
County in Taishan Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Yu Jin.
- Juye · Juye County, Heze, Shandong Province, China鉅野
County in Shanyang Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Li Dian.
- Langya Commandery · Linyi and surrounding area, Shandong Province, China琅邪郡
Commandery in Xu Province; Zhuge Liang was from Yangdu County, Langya (Langye).
- Langye · Linyi and surrounding area, Shandong Province, China琅邪
Commandery in Xu Province (also written Langya); home of Zhuge Jin, Zhuge Ke, Lady Bian and others.
- Langzhong · Langzhong, Sichuan Province, China閬中
County in Baxi Commandery, Yi Province; Zhang Fei and Huang Quan were from Langzhong.
- Liang Province · Gansu and surrounding area涼州
Province in the north-west; Han Sui was from Jincheng, Liang Province.
- Liang Province · Gansu Province and Ningxia, China凉州
A frontier province covering modern Gansu and parts of Ningxia, located along the Hexi Corridor. A strategically important region connecting China to Central Asia and the Silk Road.
- Liaodong · Liaoning Province and surrounding area, China遼東
Commandery and region in the far north-east; Yuan Xi and Yuan Shang fled there after defeat; Gongsun family held it.
- Liaoxi · Western Liaoning and adjacent Hebei遼西
Commandery in You Province in the north-east; Gongsun Zan was from Liaoxi.
- Lingzhi · Qian'an area, Hebei Province, China令支
County in Liaoxi Commandery, You Province; birthplace of Han Dang.
- Linhuai · Northern Jiangsu and Anhui, Huai basin臨淮
Commandery in Xu Province; Lou Xuan and Lu Su were from Linhuai; Huaiyin was a county in Linhuai.
- Linju · Yuan'an area, Hubei Province, China (if Linju 臨沮); or Hedong region (if 解縣)臨沮
County in Zhangxiang (or related region); Guan Yu was from Linju.
- Lintao, Longxi · Lintao County, Gansu Province, China隴西臨洮
County in Longxi Commandery, Liang Province; birthplace of Dong Zhuo.
- Linxiang · Changsha area, Hunan Province, China臨湘
County in Changsha Commandery, Jing Province; birthplace of Huan Jie.
- Linyuan · Changde area, Hunan Province, China臨沅
County in Wuling Commandery, Jing Province; Liao Li was from Linyuan.
- Liu Biao Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the Jing region劉表葬地
Burial-place label associated with Liu Biao of Jing Province.
- Liu Zhang Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the Yi region劉璋葬地
Burial-place label associated with Liu Zhang of Yi Province.
- Longxi · Longxi and Lintao area, Gansu Province, China隴西
Commandery in Liang Province; Ma Chao was from Lintao, Longxi.
- Longzhong · Near modern Xiangyang, Hubei Province隆中
Rural retreat associated with Zhuge Liang and the Longzhong Plan tradition.
- Lu Meng Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the Wu region呂蒙葬地
Burial-place label associated with the Eastern Wu general Lu Meng.
- Lu Xun Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the Wu region陸遜葬地
Burial-place label associated with the Eastern Wu commander Lu Xun.
- Lujiang · Anhui Province, south of the Huai廬江
Commandery in Yang Province south of the Huai; Chen Biao was from Lujiang.
- Luo County · Guanghan area, Sichuan Province, China雒縣
County in Yi Province; site of the Battle of Luo County where Pang Tong was killed.
- Luoyang · Luoyang, Henan Province, China洛阳
The Eastern Han capital and later Cao Wei capital, located in modern Henan Province. A centre of imperial power, culture, and conflict throughout the Three Kingdoms period.
- Mayi (Yanmen) · Northern Shanxi region near the Yanmen frontier馬邑（雁門）
County-level place label in Yanmen commandery on the northern frontier.
- Mei County · Mei County, Shaanxi Province, China郿縣
County in Youfufeng (Fufeng), Sili; birthplace of Fa Zheng.
- Meng County · Xinzhou area, Hubei Province, China鄳縣
County in Jiangxia Commandery, Jing Province; Fei Yi was from Meng County.
- Mianzhu · Mianzhu, Sichuan Province, China綿竹
County in Guanghan Commandery, Yi Province; Qin Mi and Zhuge Zhan were from Mianzhu.
- Mo County · Renqiu area, Hebei Province, China鄚縣
County in Hejian Commandery, Ji Province; birthplace of Zhang He.
- Mount Dingjun定军山
A mountain in Hanzhong, site of the famous Battle of Mount Dingjun in 219 where Huang Zhong defeated and killed Xiahou Yuan. This victory secured Hanzhong for Liu Bei.
- Mount Dingjun · Near Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, China定军山
Mountain in Hanzhong where Huang Zhong killed Xiahou Yuan in 219 during Liu Bei's Hanzhong Campaign.
- Mumen Dao · Near Tianshui, Gansu Province, China木門道
Narrow mountain pass near Tianshui where Zhang He was ambushed and killed during Zhuge Liang's northern campaigns.
- Nancheng · Eastern Shandong or adjacent area南城
County in Qing Province; Yuan Tan died at Nancheng.
- Nanyang · Nanyang, Henan Province, China南阳
A commandery in southern Jing Province, famous as the retreat location of Zhuge Liang before he joined Liu Bei. The Longzhong Plan was conceived here.
- Nanyang Commandery · Nanyang area, Henan Province, China南陽郡
Commandery in Jing Province (same as Nanyang); Huang Zhong was from Nanyang Commandery.
- Nanzhong · Broadly southern Yunnan/Guizhou and adjacent south-western frontier zones南中
Southern region of Shu Han, associated with tribal uprisings and Zhuge Liang's campaigns.
- Pei · Northern Anhui and neighbouring areas (see Pei Commandery)沛
Region in Yu Province centred on Pei Commandery; Xue Ying is recorded simply as being from Pei.
- Pei Commandery · Northern Anhui and adjacent Jiangsu沛郡
Commandery in Yu Province; the Cao and Xiahou families were from Qiao County, Pei Commandery.
- Pei State · Northern Anhui (Bozhou area)沛國
Kingdom in Yu Province (formerly Pei Commandery); Shi Huan was from Pei State.
- Peiguo · Bozhou area, Anhui Province, China沛國
Place in Qiao County, Pei; Cao Ren was from Peiguo.
- Pengcheng · Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China彭城
City and commandery seat in Xu Province (modern Xuzhou); home of Zhang Zhao and his sons Zhang Cheng and Zhang Xiu.
- Ping'a · North of Huai'an, Anhui Province, China平阿
County in Chu State, Yang Province; birthplace of Jiang Ji.
- Pinggao, Henei Commandery · Wen County area, Henan Province, China河內平皋
County in Henei Commandery, Sili; ancestral home of the Sima family.
- Pingqiu · Fengqiu area, Henan Province, China平丘
County in Chenliu Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Mao Jie.
- Pingyang, Taishan · Area around modern Tai'an, Shandong Province, China泰山平陽
County in Taishan Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Bao Xun.
- Pingyu · Pingyu County, Henan Province, China平輿
County in Runan Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Xu Jing and Xu Yang.
- Qi County, Taiyuan · Qi County, Shanxi Province, China太原祁縣
County in Taiyuan Commandery, Bing Province; birthplace of Wen Hui.
- Qiantang · Hangzhou area, Zhejiang Province, China錢唐
County in Wu Commandery, Yang Province; Quan Cong and Quan Rou were from Qiantang on the lower Qiantang River.
- Qiao · Bozhou area, Anhui Province, China譙
Generic reference to Qiao (譙), the Cao family's native county in Pei; used when birthplace or activity is given simply as 'Qiao'.
- Qiao County · Bozhou, Anhui Province, China譙縣
County in Pei State / Pei Commandery, Yu Province; seat of the Cao and Xiahou families' ancestral home.
- Qiao, Pei · Bozhou, Anhui Province, China沛國譙縣
County in Pei State (Pei Commandery), Yu Province; ancestral home of the Cao family; Cao Zhi died at Qiao.
- Qing Province · Shandong Peninsula, Shandong Province, China青州
A province covering the Shandong Peninsula in modern Shandong, located on the eastern coast. Source of the elite Qingzhou Corps that formed the core of Cao Cao's army.
- Qu, Donghai · Lianyungang area, Jiangsu Province, China東海朐縣
County in Donghai Commandery, Xu Province; birthplace of Mi Zhu.
- Quanling · Lingling District, Yongzhou, Hunan Province, China泉陵
County in Lingling Commandery, Jing Province; birthplace of Huang Gai.
- Qufu, Lu · Qufu, Shandong Province, China魯國曲阜
County in the state of Lu (Yan Province); birthplace of Kong Rong.
- Red Cliffs · Chibi, Hubei Province, China赤壁
The site of the decisive Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 CE, where the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's fleet. Located on the Yangtze River, this battle established the tripartite division of China.
- Rencheng · Jining area, Shandong Province, China任城
County and later kingdom in eastern China; associated with Cao Fang's probable father Cao Kai and with Lu Qian.
- Rongcheng, Zhuo Commandery · Rongcheng area, Hebei Province, China涿郡容城
County in Zhuo Commandery, You Province; Sun Li is recorded as coming from Rongcheng.
- Runan · Runan County, Zhumadian, Henan Province, China汝南
Commandery in Yu Province, home commandery of Yuan Shao and many prominent Han officials. Located in modern Henan Province.
- Ruxu · Near the Yangtze in modern Anhui Province, opposite the lower Huai region濡須
Fortified position on the Yangtze in Yang Province; site of repeated clashes between Cao Cao and Sun Quan, notably the Battle of Ruxu (213–214).
- Ruyang, Runan Commandery · Ruyang area, Henan Province, China汝南汝陽
County in Runan Commandery, Yu Province; birthplace of Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu.
- Sanzao Pavilion · Near Mianzhu, Sichuan Province三造亭
Pavilion site at Mianzhu associated with the execution of Deng Ai.
- Shan County · Shan County area, Henan Province, China山縣
County in Hanoi Commandery, Henan; birthplace of Emperor Xian of Han.
- Shanyin · Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China山陰
County in Kuaiji Commandery, Yang Province; home of He Qi, He Jing, He Xun and Kan Ze.
- Shen County · Central plains region (exact identification debated)慎縣
County in Yingchuan Commandery (or nearby region); associated with Guanqiu Jian.
- Sheyang · Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province, China射陽
County in Guangling Commandery, Xu Province; associated with Zhang Hong.
- Shiting · Probable area south of the Yangtze in modern Anhui/Jiangxi (exact site uncertain)石亭
Battle site on the Wu–Wei frontier where Lu Xun defeated Cao Xiu in 228.
- Shouchun · Shou County, Anhui Province, China壽春
Major city in Jiujiang / Yang Province on the Huai; Yuan Shu's base and later a key Wei and Wu stronghold.
- Shouyang Mausoleum · Mausoleum reference in north China; exact modern site uncertain壽陽陵
Imperial mausoleum reference appearing in late Wei and Jin biographical place notes.
- Shu County, Lujiang · Shucheng area, Anhui Province, China廬江舒縣
County in Lujiang Commandery, Yang Province; birthplace of Zhou Yu.
- Songzi · Songzi area, Hubei Province, China松滋
County in Lujiang Commandery, Yang Province; associated with Chen Wu.
- Taishi Ci Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the lower Yangtze region太史慈葬地
Burial-place label associated with Taishi Ci in Eastern Wu records.
- Taiyuan · Centred on modern Taiyuan, Shanxi Province太原郡
Major northern commandery in Bing Province, home region of several prominent officials.
- Tan (Donghai) · Same historical site as Tan County in the Donghai regional context郯（東海）
Explicit Tan-in-Donghai county label used in character metadata.
- Tan County · Historical county in modern Shandong/Jiangsu border region郯縣
County-level place label used in eastern commandery references.
- Tao River · River in Gansu Province flowing toward the Wei and Yellow Rivers洮河
River in the north-west (Taohe), tributary of the Wei/Yellow; Du Ji died near the Tao River.
- Tianshui · Around modern Tianshui area, Gansu Province天水郡
Commandery in the north-west, closely associated with Jiang Wei and the Shu-Wei frontier.
- Tong Pass潼关
A strategic pass on the Yellow River, guarding the approach to Chang'an from the northeast. Site of major battles between Cao Cao and the western warlords in 211.
- Tuyin, Youbeiping Commandery · Region of former Youbeiping Commandery in northern Hebei (exact site uncertain)右北平徒隱
County in Youbeiping Commandery, You Province; associated with Cheng Pu.
- Waihuang, Chenliu Commandery · Area of former Waihuang County in Henan/Anhui (exact site uncertain)陳留外黃
County in Chenliu Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Puyang Xing.
- Wan · Nanyang area, Henan Province, China宛
City in Nanyang Commandery, Jing Province; strategic point on the upper Huai where Wen Pin served and which featured in early campaigns.
- Wancheng · Nanyang, Henan Province, China宛城
County seat of Nanyang Commandery, Jing Province; site of Zhang Xiu's surprise attack on Cao Cao in 197 where Dian Wei and Cao Ang were killed.
- Wei Commandery魏郡
The commandery centreed on Ye, Cao Cao's capital. One of the most important administrative centres of Cao Wei, serving as the political heart of the kingdom.
- Wei Yan Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in Shu territory魏延葬地
Burial-place label associated with the Shu general Wei Yan.
- Weiguo County, Yangping Commandery · Area of former Yangping Commandery in Henan/Shanxi (exact site uncertain)陽平魏國縣
County in Yangping Commandery, Yan Province; birthplace of Yue Jin.
- Wen (Henei) · Same historical site as Wen County, modern Henan Province溫（河內）
Alternate place label for Wen County in Henei commandery.
- Wen County · Modern Wen County, Henan Province溫縣
County in Henei commandery, closely associated with the Sima clan.
- Wenling · Northeast of modern Luoyang, Henan Province, China文陵
Imperial mausoleum northeast of Luoyang; burial site of Emperor Ling of Han.
- Wenshan · South-west borderland region; exact historical extent varies by source文山
Commandery label used in south-western administrative records.
- Wenxi · Modern Wenxi County, Shanxi Province聞喜
County in Hedong commandery in the Yellow River corridor.
- Wu Commandery · Around modern Suzhou and neighbouring parts of Jiangsu Province吳郡
Major commandery in the lower Yangtze and one of the core territories of Eastern Wu.
- Wu County · Historic core of modern Suzhou, Jiangsu Province吳縣
County seat of Wu Commandery and one of the chief administrative centres of Jiangdong.
- Wuchang · Part of modern Ezhou/Wuchang area in Hubei Province along the middle Yangtze武昌
Strategic Yangtze city in Jing Province and a key base of Eastern Wu.
- Wucheng · Historical county in the Jiangnan region烏程
County-level place in the lower Yangtze region, associated with Eastern Wu geography.
- Wujin · Around modern Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, in the lower Yangtze region武進
County in Yang Province, later part of Wu commandery; associated with Sun Quan's base area in the lower Yangtze.
- Wulin · Approximate area of modern Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province武林
County in Kuaiji commandery on the Zhejiang coast; part of Eastern Wu's maritime hinterland.
- Wuling · Around modern Changde and Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province, south of the middle Yangtze武陵郡
Commandery in Jing Province on the middle Yangtze; home to many non-Han peoples and the setting for Meng Huo's later legends.
- Wushang · Historical county designation in central China武上
County-level place reference in regional records of the late Han and Three Kingdoms.
- Wuyang County · A county site in the south-east, broadly within modern Jiangxi or Anhui Provinces武陽縣
County in Yuzhang or neighbouring commanderies of Jiangdong; associated with Eastern Wu's southern hinterland.
- Wuyuan and Jiuyuan · North of the great bend of the Yellow River in modern Inner Mongolia五原・九原
Northern frontier commanderies on the steppe edge; linked with campaigns and officials guarding the borders.
- Wuzhang Plains五丈原
The site of Zhuge Liang's death in 234 during his fifth Northern Expedition. Located in present-day Shaanxi Province, where Zhuge Liang's army faced Sima Yi's forces.
- Wuzhang Plains · Near modern Qishan County, Shaanxi Province, south of the Wei River五丈原
Plains south of the Wei River where Zhuge Liang died during the Northern Expeditions.
- Xiacai · Near the Huai River in modern Anhui Province下蔡
County near the Huai River in Yang Province; site connected with Eastern Wu's northern frontier.
- Xiakou · Area of modern Hankou/Wuchang in Wuhan, Hubei Province夏口
River port on the Yangtze in Jing Province, later known as Wuchang; early base for Sun Quan.
- Xian Mountains · Mountain area near Xiangyang in modern Hubei峴山
Mountain range reference used in biographical and campaign place metadata.
- Xiangxiang · Around modern Xiangxiang, Hunan Province湘鄉
County in Changsha commandery, Jing Province; part of Liu Biao and later Liu Bei's southern base.
- Xiangyang · Xiangyang, Hubei Province, China襄阳
Strategic city on the Han River in Jing Province, contested by all three kingdoms. Located in modern Hubei Province.
- Xiangyi · Historical county designation in central China襄邑
County-level place reference used in late Han and Three Kingdoms biography metadata.
- Xiapi · Around modern Pizhou, Jiangsu Province下邳
City in Xu Province where Cao Cao defeated Lu Bu in the siege of Xiapi.
- Xie County · Historical county designation in north China解縣
County label used in central-plains biographical place references.
- Xinye · Around modern Xinye County, Henan Province新野
County in Nanyang commandery where Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's advance in 201.
- Xiyang · Historical county designation in central China西陽
County-level place label used in biographical metadata for late Han and Three Kingdoms figures.
- Xu Chang · Xuchang, Henan Province, China许昌
The temporary capital established by Cao Cao in 196 CE, where Emperor Xian was installed. Located in modern Henan Province, it served as the political centre of the Han court under Cao Cao's control.
- Xu Chang · Xuchang, Henan Province, China许昌
The temporary capital established by Cao Cao, located in modern Henan Province. Served as the political centre where Emperor Xian was held under Cao Cao's protection.
- Xu Huang Burial Site · Traditional burial reference; exact site uncertain徐晃葬地
Burial-place label associated with the Cao Wei general Xu Huang.
- Xu Huang Death Place · Exact site not specified in surviving linked metadata徐晃卒地
Dedicated place label for Xu Huang's death reference in character metadata.
- Xu Province · Jiangsu and Shandong Provinces, China徐州
A province covering parts of modern Jiangsu and Shandong, located between the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. A strategically important region that changed hands multiple times during the early Three Kingdoms period.
- Yan Province · Shandong and Henan Provinces, China兖州
A province covering parts of modern Shandong and Henan, located in the lower Yellow River valley. Cao Cao's original power base and recruiting ground for his early campaigns.
- Yang County, Hedong · Hongdong area, Shanxi Province, China河東楊縣
County in Hedong Commandery, Sili; birthplace of Xu Huang.
- Yang Province · Jiangsu, Anhui, and Zhejiang Provinces, China扬州
A large province covering modern Jiangsu, Anhui, and Zhejiang, located in the lower Yangtze River valley. Formed the heartland of Eastern Wu's territory.
- Yangdi · Near modern Yuzhou, Henan Province陽翟
County in Yingchuan commandery, associated with notable officials of the central plains.
- Yangping Pass阳平关
A crucial pass guarding Hanzhong from the north. Controlled by Zhang Lu, then captured by Cao Cao in 215, and later by Liu Bei in 219.
- Yangqu · Near modern Taiyuan, Shanxi Province陽曲
County in the Taiyuan region of Bing Province.
- Yangtze · Yangtze River basin across central and eastern China長江
The longest river of China and the main strategic axis of the Three Kingdoms wars.
- Yangxia (Chen) · Historical county in the Chen commandery area of modern Henan陽夏（陳）
County-level place label in the Chen region used in character metadata.
- Ye · Around modern Handan, Hebei Province鄴
Fortified city in Wei commandery that became the main capital of Cao Cao and later Cao Pi.
- Yecheng · Same site as Ye, around modern Handan, Hebei Province鄴城
Alternative name for the fortified city of Ye, a principal Wei capital.
- Yi Province · Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, China益州
A vast province covering modern Sichuan and Chongqing, surrounded by mountains and rich in resources. Became the foundation of Liu Bei's Shu Han kingdom.
- Yi Province · Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, China益州
A vast province covering modern Sichuan and Chongqing, surrounded by mountains and rich in resources. Became the foundation of Liu Bei's Shu Han kingdom.
- Yicheng · Near modern Yicheng, Hubei Province宜城
County in Jing Province near Xiangyang, significant in campaigns across the Han River corridor.
- Yijing · In the northern plain of modern Hebei Province易京
Fortified site in the north associated with the final campaigns of Gongsun Zan and Yuan Shao.
- Yiling · Near modern Yichang, Hubei Province夷陵
Strategic city on the upper Yangtze and site of the decisive Battle of Yiling.
- Yingchuan颍川
A wealthy commandery in present-day Henan Province, known for producing many scholars and officials. The home region of many prominent Wei figures including Guo Jia and Xun Yu.
- Yingyin · Near modern Xuchang, Henan Province潁陰
County of Yingchuan commandery in the central plains.
- Yiyang · Around modern Yiyang, Hunan Province益陽
County/commandery label in southern Jing and adjacent regions.
- Yongan · Around modern Fengjie area, Chongqing Municipality永安
Frontier city in Shu Han's eastern river corridor, near Baidi and the Three Gorges.
- Yongnu · Historical county in the north China plain雍奴
County-level place label from northern frontier records.
- Yu County · County-level historical site; exact mapping depends on source tradition虞縣
County name appearing in late Han and Three Kingdoms biographical place records.
- Yu Province · Henan and Anhui Provinces, China豫州
A central province covering parts of modern Henan and Anhui, located in the Central Plains. A strategically important region contested between Cao Wei and Shu Han.
- Yuan Shao Tomb · Traditional tomb reference in northern China袁紹墓
Tomb-place label associated with Yuan Shao in linked biographical metadata.
- Yuan Shu Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in the Huai region袁術葬地
Burial-place label associated with Yuan Shu in linked metadata.
- Yuhang · Area of modern Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province餘杭
County in Kuaiji commandery in the lower Yangtze coastal plain.
- Yunyang · Historical county in the upper Yangtze region雲陽
County-level place in the upper Yangtze region used in historical metadata.
- Yuyao · Modern Yuyao, Zhejiang Province餘姚
County in Kuaiji commandery on the south side of Hangzhou Bay.
- Yuzhang · Around modern Nanchang and surrounding Jiangxi region豫章郡
Commandery in Yang Province and an important part of Eastern Wu's south-eastern sphere.
- Zhang Huanhou Shrine · Traditional shrine reference in the Shu cultural sphere張桓侯祠
Shrine-place label associated with Zhang Fei's posthumous cult title Huanhou.
- Zhang Liao Burial Site · Traditional burial reference in north China張遼葬地
Burial-place label associated with the Cao Wei general Zhang Liao.
- Zhe (Chen) · Historical county in the Chen area of central China柘（陳）
County-form place label in the Chen region used in character metadata.
- Zhending · Historical county designation in Hebei region真定
County-level place label in northern commandery records.
- Zhengyang · Historical county site in central China正陽
County-level place reference used in character birthplace and death-place metadata.
- Zhijiang · Modern Zhijiang, Hubei Province枝江
County in southern Jing Province on routes between river and inland commanderies.
- Zhongdu · Historical county designation in north China中都
County-level place label used in historical biography metadata.
- Zhonglu · Historical county location in north China中盧
County-level place name appearing in late Han and Three Kingdoms biographies.
- Zhuo Commandery · Around modern Zhuozhou and Baoding, Hebei Province涿郡
Northern commandery in You Province, home region of Liu Bei and many frontier officers.
- Zhuo County · Around modern Zhuozhou, Hebei Province涿縣
County of Zhuo commandery, associated with Liu Bei's early life in narrative tradition.
- Zhuxu (Beihai) · Historical county in the Beihai region of modern Shandong朱虛（北海）
County-level place label in Beihai commandery used in character metadata.
- Zigui · In the Three Gorges region of modern Hubei秭歸
County on the upper Yangtze near the Three Gorges, linked to Shu's eastern frontier.
- Zitong · Around modern Zitong area, Sichuan Province梓潼
Commandery/city in northern Yi Province on routes towards Hanzhong.